Cylindrical determinations compared using Jackson Cross Cylinder technique and modified Lebensohn's Arrowhead chart

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to make a comparison between the Jackson Cross Cylinder technique for determining the axis and power of the far cylinder correction and with the axis and power determination obtained by a subjectively rotated Lebensohn's Arrow-head Figure type astigmatic chart. The question to be resolved is whether the Lebensohn's Arrow-head Figure type chart could be substituted for the Jackson Cross Cylinder test for the determination of both astigmatic cylindrical power and axis.